قصدية النص السردي عند امبرتو ايكو

Abstract

This research aims to represent and discuss the concept of the Italiae Critic and Novelist Umberto Echo to the theory of possible worlds which he attempted to apply to many narrative texts, including his novels, with the aim of discover the meaning and the purpose of the narrative text. The research also presents the first roots of the theory of possible worlds among Arab and Westhen philosphers. The philosophical conceptions of possible worlds were one of the motivations that the Italian novelist and semiotician Umberto Echo relied on in his analyses of the story, as he employed many of the theoretical and practical foundations of the theory of possible worlds in the task of revealing the intention of the narrative text, and how it is produced, which is known as the theory of the text in modern criticism. So what does Eco mean by the intention of the text, and what are the foundations on which he chose the theory of possible worlds to reveal this intention, and how did he employ the criteria of this theory in his analyses of possible worlds in narrative texts? This is what our attention will be directed to answering in this research. Then presents the most prominen foundations of this theory according to Umberto Echo, and the most prominent observations on it.