Electoral System in Mongolia 1992-2001

Abstract

This research aims to shed light on the transformation of Mongolia's electoral system between 1992 and 2001, a pivotal decade that witnessed the country's transition from a socialist system to a functioning multi-party democracy. By analyzing the framework and implementation of parliamentary and presidential elections, the research evaluates the impact of institutional reforms, the role of political parties, and the oversight of international bodies. It argues that Mongolia's advanced electoral process laid the foundations for democratic resilience despite periodic setbacks and party dominance. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Mongolia adopted a new democratic constitution in 1992, marking the beginning of a new political era. The country transitioned from a single-party socialist system to a multi-party democracy with regular elections and constitutional rule.