التقييم البيئي لنوعية المياه الجوفية في ناحية العبارة ومدى صلاحيتها للأستعمال الزراعي

Abstract

Groundwater is of great importance and necessary for irrigation purposes, and the assessment of its suitability depends on the hydrochemical variables represented by dissolved salts and the ratio of sodium to calcium, bicarbonate to calcium and magnesium on the plant and soil, which are among the most important criteria in water quality. The research included a study of the suitability of well water in Al-Abara district and its suitability for various purposes such as irrigation, agriculture, and livestock, especially since it is characterized by fertile agricultural soil famous for the cultivation of fruits and vegetables of all kinds as well as palm trees and due to recent human activities and environmental changes, groundwater is very vulnerable, especially in areas that depend on groundwater as their main source. The modeling process was carried out by taking (6) samples from well water in the months of October and November in order to understand the quality and suitability of some water sources used in irrigation, chemical elements were studied. These elements included analyses of positive and negative ions, total dissolved salts, electrical conductivity, and classification of water for agricultural consumption based on Iraqi and World Health Organization standards for the suitability of well water for irrigation, and when compared with Iraqi and World Health Organization specifications, it was found that the concentration of most water components, especially the Al-Alle AL-Jizani River, is outside the permissible limit, especially the elements of dissolved materials, calcium, magnesium, chlored ion, and sulfate ion. The reason for this increase in concentration is attributed to human activities, discharges from residential areas, agricultural operations, and the decomposition of organic matter.