( مفهوم السببية في فلسفة التاريخ : دراسة مقارنة بين المدرسة المثالية و المدرسة المادية)

Abstract

There have been numerous opinions and objections regarding the concept of causality in the philosophical view of history, due to its significant impact on deconstructing and analyzing historical events. This is what drew me to delve into this complex field. I chose to conduct a comparison between the idealist and materialist schools in their approach to causality, which necessitates prioritizing and focusing on Hegel's dialectic and Marxist dialectical materialism, and the role each plays in the interpretation of historical phenomena. By employing the comparative method and analyzing the Hegelian dialectic as adopted by Marx, the study reached a conclusion: Marxist materialism is more effective and beneficial in understanding and explaining certain social and economic events, whereas Hegel’s dialectic is more appropriate for perceiving and comprehending the transformation and evolution of ideas and philosophies throughout history.