Obstacles to Urban Transport in the City of Baqubah

Abstract

This study examined the main constraints affecting urban transportation in the city of Baqubah. The findings indicate that the challenges are multifaceted, stemming from a combination of organizational, infrastructural, and behavioral factors. Poor institutional coordination, inadequate road and intersection design, and negative practices—such as random vehicle parking and the spread of street vendors—have all significantly contributed to traffic congestion. Furthermore, the study highlighted the absence of an organized public transportation system and the residents’ heavy reliance on private vehicles, which exacerbates the strain on the road network. Based on the results, the research recommends infrastructure rehabilitation, the expansion of major roads, the implementation of an effective public transport system, and stronger institutional coordination, in addition to promoting public traffic awareness. Addressing these challenges requires an integrated urban vision that considers population growth and spatial development to ensure sustainable mobility and urban prosperity.