التباين المكاني لمعامل صناعة أبواب وشبابيك الألمنيوم في مدينة بعقوبة

Abstract

Understanding the spatial variation of any economic project helps support effective planning for such projects and contributes to the redistribution of goods and services provided by them. This, in turn, promotes balanced and sustainable industrial and economic development within the city and helps reduce industrial disparity among different areas. It also supports economic projects in less developed regions. Among these projects are factories that rely on aluminum as a key material, such as those manufacturing doors, windows, and various types of furniture. Aluminum is considered one of the most essential metallic minerals used in many industries and economic activities after iron and steel. The results indicate a spatial variation in aluminum manufacturing workshops in Baqubah City in terms of their geographical distribution, number, and production efficiency. This variation is influenced by several geographical, economic, and social factors. Baqubah City serves as an important administrative and economic center in Diyala Governorate, making it an attractive environment for industrial activities, including aluminum manufacturing used in construction, furniture, windows, and doors. The total number of workshops manufacturing aluminum doors, windows, and furniture in Baqubah City reached 90 workshops. The total invested capital in the aluminum industry amounted to approximately 1.064 billion Iraqi dinars, and the total workforce employed in this industry was 272 workers. Most of these workshops are concentrated in Al-Yarmouk First and Second neighborhoods, the Industrial District, Al-Mafraq, and the Industrial Complex area, particularly in locations close to main roads such as the Baghdad–Baqubah highway. These areas are favored due to the availability of infrastructure, ease of transportation, and proximity to local markets. Conversely, these workshops are scarce or absent in rural or peripheral areas due to poor services and difficulties in accessing raw materials or markets. Some areas have also witnessed a decline in industrial activity due to security challenges in previous years. Furthermore, the availability of skilled labor and capital has played a major role in attracting these workshops to specific areas rather than others.