دور النشاط الزراعي في تغير المظهر الارضي في ناحية قزانية

Abstract

Agricultural activity, both plant and animal, is one of the most important human activities prevailing in this region, and is affected by many natural factors, the most important of which are soil and water. Agricultural activity is concentrated in the alluvial fan area, whose soil is fertile and suitable for agriculture, and at the edges of the valleys to benefit from the water brought by these seasonal valleys. Through this activity, a person performs several operations that lead to changing the land appearance of the area, such as the process of plowing, through which he turns the soil, followed by the process of leveling the land, then seeding, which is followed by the process of irrigating the land and the associated operations of digging streams that deliver water to these lands. Also associated with these operations is the digging of large basins in which water is stored in order to irrigate the lands later. Among the other operations that are related to farm irrigation operations is digging wells and perforating the ground in order to exploit groundwater, since this region relies heavily on this source of water to compensate for the shortage in water. The amount of rain falling, especially since the region lacks surface water, as man has dug many agricultural wells in the region. This is for plant agricultural production. As for animal agricultural production, it also changes the appearance of the land indirectly, through overgrazing practiced by man in The area works to destroy the plants present in the pastures, which protect the soil and prevent its disintegration. After the grazing animals uproot the plants, they allow the soil to be destroyed through erosion processes of all kinds, whether water or wind.